未知题型 Science Fiction1. Among the most popular books being written today are those that are usually classified(分类) as science fiction. Hundreds of titles are published every year and are read by all kinds of people. Furthermore, some of the most successful films of recent years have been based on science fiction stories.2. It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancestors (先驱)can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some forms of ideal society, a theme that is still often found in modern stories.3. Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H. G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many languages.4. Modern science fiction writers don't write about men from Mars(火星) or space adventure stories. They are more interested in predicting the results of technical developments on society and the human mind ; or in imagining future worlds that are a reflection of the world that we live in now. Because of this their writing has obvious political undertones (涵义).5. In an age where science fact frequently overtakes (超过)science fiction, the writers may find it difficult to keep ahead of scientific advances. Those who are sufficiently clear-sighted to see the way we are going, however, may provide a valuable lesson on how to deal with the problems which society will inevitably face as it tries to master its new technology.Fairly New DevelopmentB. Classics of Science FictionC. Difficulty in Keeping ahead of Scientific AdvancesD. Origins of Science FictionE. Themes of Modern Science FictionParagraph 2______

未知题型 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESEDirections: Translate the following text into Chinese.My guess is that English will retain its currency in the world for the next 50 or so, but it is difficult to see it retaining it beyond then. If the Chinese could establish some reasonable way of writing their language by forming some sort of alphabeticisation, then given the exponential population growth among Chinese communities, their language would rapidly gain in importance. And let's not forget Spanish; some predict that there will be a Spanish majority in the United States within twenty years. So it is not impossible to conceive that another language might come to dominate besides English one day.An equally important trend will be the fragmentation of English. Many countries are now using English so much that they are starting to teach their own particular brand of the language with different forms of sentence construction, for example. They no longer want native speakers to teach English, but locals whose version of English contains the same forms as the local use of the language. This is not just true in colonial countries, it's happening as far apart as Germany and the Pacific Rim. It's a strongly democratic move and I think we will see a lot more local publishing as a result.Yet while forms of English become increasingly localized, the information explosion is also making our use of language more global. A quite new form. of language is evolving on the internet. The E - mail is a new form. of message: it's not a letter, not a postcard. And it has its own casual style, often without complete sentences. English is especially well adapted to this style, as it can easily be shortened. So I suspect English will continue to be more advanced than other languages on the worldwide web--it will remain the language of science and technology.

未知题型 &8226;Read the article below about service production and the questions on the opposite page.&8226;For each question 13-18, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet for the answer you choose.The importance of satisfaction and moraleBroadly speaking, job satisfaction is the degree of enjoyment that people derive from performing their jobs. If people enjoy their work, they are relatively satisfied; if they do not enjoy their work, they are relatively dissatisfied. In turn, satisfied employees are likely to have high morale -- the overall attitude that employees have toward their workplace. Morale reflects the degree to which they perceive that their needs are being met by their jobs. It is determined by a variety of factors, including job satisfaction and satisfaction with such things as pay benefits, coworkers, and promotion opportunities.(8) Some large firms, for example, have instituted companywide programs designed specifically to address employees' needs. Employees at SAS institute, a large software development company in North Carolina, enjoy private offices, a free health clinic, two on-site day-care centers, flexible work hours with 35-hour work weeks, a company-subsidized cafeteria, and year-end bonuses and profit sharing. Managers at Hyatt Hotels report that conducting frequent surveys of employee attitudes, soliciting employee input, and -- most important -- acting on that input give their company an edge in recruiting and retaining productive workers. (9) For example, First Tennessee, a midsize regional bank, believes that work and family are so closely related that family considerations should enter into job design. Thus, it offers such benefits as on-site child care.When workers are satisfied and morale is high, the organization benefits in many ways. Compared with dissatisfied workers, for example; satisfied employees are more committed and loyal. (10) In addition, they tend to have fewer grievances and engage in fewer negative behaviors (complaining, deliberately slowing their work pace, and so forth) than dissatisfied counterparts. Finally, satisfied workers tend not only to come to work every day but also to remain with the organization. By promoting satisfaction and morale, then, management is working to ensure more efficient operations.Conversely, the costs of dissatisfaction and poor morale are high. Dissatisfied workers are far more likely to be absent for minor illnesses, personal reasons; or a general disinclination to go to work. (11) High levels of turnover have many negative consequences, including the disruption of production schedules, high retraining costs and decreased productivity.(12) The results of one recent study shows that companies with the highest levels of satisfaction and morale significantly outperformed the 300 largest US companies over both 5 and 10 years. Of course, many other factors contributed to the performance of both sets of companies, but these differences nevertheless can not be ignored.